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The boycott which was announced by the "National socialist party" began, the placard reads, "Germans, defend yourselves, do not buy from Jews," at the Jewish Tietz store. Berlin, Germany, April 1, 1933.

The Nazi Party, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei, or NSDAP, "National Socialist German Workers' Party", was a political party in Germany between 1920 and 1945. The party's leader, Adolf Hitler, was appointed chancellor of Germany by president Paul von Hindenburg in 1933. After Hindenburg's death, Hitler rapidly established an autocratic regime known as the Third Reich, under which the party gained almost unlimited power.

Following an ideology that stressed the racial purity of the German people and saw Jews and communists as the greatest enemies of Germany, the regime would come to embark on a campaign of genocide against Jewish people and other groups that resulted in the deaths of approximately 11 million people in what has become known as the Holocaust.